Physics and Chemistry, facts or fiction.
Note 1.
Isaac Newton discovered gravity. Basically he discovered that two masses are attracted to each other, with a force that is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Largest masses, the greater the force of attraction. M & marginallI, s distance between them, the less the attraction. This concept allowed Newton formulated the laws of mechanics, both human scale (1) as worldwide. The physics that continues in full force made for utilitarian purposes of the human species is what our senses perceive.
relativistic Many concepts were initially raised by Galileo and Newton's mechanics can explain them clearly.
a) For example, when we go into aaircraft flying at cruising speed of 1000 km / h and we drop an object in the plane, inertial observers, ie those that go inside the plane, see how the object falls in line straight, perpendicular to the floor of avióny therefore perpendicular to the plane of the Earth. Another very different things outside observers would the plane, where they could observe the free fall. The latter, as the object would fall in a line dish.
b) Another exampleemplo that comes from the time of Galileo is the following. A jockey is riding a horse at a constant speed. Drop an object that is near the saddle, in the perpendicular passing through the stirrup. When the object falls, it will just below the stirrup. Or is that the rider believes that the object's trajectory was a line perpendicular to the main plane of the saddle and Earth. A ground observer would see that the object's trajectory was a parabola, as is predicted by Newtonian mechanics.
Here the problem arose thick. Trayectoria of a moving object is not absolute, it depends on the observer's position. An inertial observer sees a path and an external one is another.
A larger scale, our Earth has several important movements, rotation traslacióny being most popular. When an object moves on the surface of the Earth, all of us in this, we would observe a path, but an outside observer would see another, totally different. In short, the path of a moving object is only apparent and depends on the observer's position that is perceived. This geneeralización is one of the reasons for the theory of relativity, but not unique.
Newton's theory on the attraction between two masses have a little problem. There is no physical or mechanical element between the two bodies, which provide that a acts on the other, like a rope. Obviously, this string does not exist and this led to trying to give another explanation for the phenomenon of attraction between two masses and more specifically to gravity.
Einstein thought that this force did not exist, as it was imagined Newton. What happens, he says, is that the masses warp space time and create a line of zero resistance, called geodesics. If an object gets a boost and get an initial speed, it begins to move through the geodesic and will forever, while there is no external force to change its motion, either in intensity or direction. That explains why the planets revolve around the sun perpetually in elliptical orbits, which really must be the geodesic formed by the interaction of the entire mass of our solar system, but especially the Sun, which has 99% of the total mass of the system. (2).
At some point in the evolutionary history of the solar system, Earth was the travel speed as it is today and there is no external force that attacks will continue orbiting the sun, as is the does today. Therefore, this movement of translation, according to relativists, not due to any force of gravity, but because, having obtained the initial velocity, the Earth glides through its elliptical orbit.
Obviously, this explanation of gravity also has a large problem. It is not perceptible by our senses and does not fit to human scale (1) . However, nobody can say it is not true about the warping of space time, because it is not visible, or perceptible, but if you can say that the string we want, to run the Newton's law of attraction , there is an advantage and that puts the theory of relativity. This does not mean that the latter is official and eternally true. Today best explained relativity celestial mechanics, but many scientists in the world look different explanations for the existence of geodesic lines.
A total solar eclipse, Einstein gave the scientific community as evidence of the curvature of spaceor time. A star at the time of the eclipse was the same coordinates of the Sun and was therefore covered by it, it was possible to see in the central time of the eclipse. In Wikipedia we read: "Gravitational lenses were predicted by the theory of relativity general of Einstein . In 1919 could test the accuracy of prediction. During a solar eclipse the astronomer Arthur Eddington watched curved path of light from distant stars passing near the Sun , producing an apparent shift their positions. " This for Einstein and the scientific community was evidence of the curvature of spacetime. For other more moderate, this is just an indication and may be another explanation could be different from that space-time curves in the presence of the masses.
The figure shows the effect of a large mass on the light. It is inferred that what is the space-time curve and the light path corresponds to the geodesic.
This topic "Physics and Chemistry, facts or fiction" I will present in various notes. The note number two (2) from Earth will see how we can determine approximately the distance from Earth to a star, composition, age and mass of the same. All based on telescopic observationsas to take into account the electro magnetic spectrum, both in the visible range, as in the thresholds at which the light is not perceptible to the human eye and how computer models are responsible for completing the task.
(1) human scale. We refer to the human scale of time and space, as they are perceived by humans.
(2) solar system. Wikipedia. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar
Juan Fernando Sanin
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