South Park Stream Fish Sticks Physics and Chemistry, facts or fiction

Medellin, September 3, 2009

Physics and Chemistry, facts or fiction.

Note 1.

Isaac Newton discovered gravity. Basically he discovered that two masses are attracted to each other, with a force that is proportional to the product of the masses and inversely proportional to the square of the distance between them. Largest masses, the greater the force of attraction. M & marginallI, s distance between them, the less the attraction. This concept allowed Newton formulated the laws of mechanics, both human scale ⁽¹⁾ as worldwide. The physics that continues in full force made for utilitarian purposes of the human species is what our senses perceive.

relativistic Many concepts were initially raised by Galileo and Newton's mechanics can explain them clearly.

a) For example, when we go into aaircraft flying at cruising speed of 1000 km / h and we drop an object in the plane, inertial observers, ie those that go inside the plane, see how the object falls in line straight, perpendicular to the floor of avióny therefore perpendicular to the plane of the Earth. Another very different things outside observers would the plane, where they could observe the free fall. The latter, as the object would fall in a line dish.

b) Another exampleemplo that comes from the time of Galileo is the following. A jockey is riding a horse at a constant speed. Drop an object that is near the saddle, in the perpendicular passing through the stirrup. When the object falls, it will just below the stirrup. Or is that the rider believes that the object's trajectory was a line perpendicular to the main plane of the saddle and Earth. A ground observer would see that the object's trajectory was a parabola, as is predicted by Newtonian mechanics.

Here the problem arose thick. Trayectoria of a moving object is not absolute, it depends on the observer's position. An inertial observer sees a path and an external one is another.

A larger scale, our Earth has several important movements, rotation traslacióny being most popular. When an object moves on the surface of the Earth, all of us in this, we would observe a path, but an outside observer would see another, totally different. In short, the path of a moving object is only apparent and depends on the observer's position that is perceived. This geneeralización is one of the reasons for the theory of relativity, but not unique.

Newton's theory on the attraction between two masses have a little problem. There is no physical or mechanical element between the two bodies, which provide that a acts on the other, like a rope. Obviously, this string does not exist and this led to trying to give another explanation for the phenomenon of attraction between two masses and more specifically to gravity.

Einstein thought that this force did not exist, as it was imagined Newton. What happens, he says, is that the masses warp space time and create a line of zero resistance, called geodesics. If an object gets a boost and get an initial speed, it begins to move through the geodesic and will forever, while there is no external force to change its motion, either in intensity or direction. That explains why the planets revolve around the sun perpetually in elliptical orbits, which really must be the geodesic formed by the interaction of the entire mass of our solar system, but especially the Sun, which has 99% of the total mass of the system. ^(2).
At some point in the evolutionary history of the solar system, Earth was the travel speed as it is today and there is no external force that attacks will continue orbiting the sun, as is the does today. Therefore, this movement of translation, according to relativists, not due to any force of gravity, but because, having obtained the initial velocity, the Earth glides through its elliptical orbit.

Obviously, this explanation of gravity also has a large problem. It is not perceptible by our senses and does not fit to human scale ⁽¹⁾ . However, nobody can say it is not true about the warping of space time, because it is not visible, or perceptible, but if you can say that the string we want, to run the Newton's law of attraction , there is an advantage and that puts the theory of relativity. This does not mean that the latter is official and eternally true. Today best explained relativity celestial mechanics, but many scientists in the world look different explanations for the existence of geodesic lines.

A total solar eclipse, Einstein gave the scientific community as evidence of the curvature of spaceor time. A star at the time of the eclipse was the same coordinates of the Sun and was therefore covered by it, it was possible to see in the central time of the eclipse. In Wikipedia we read: "Gravitational lenses were predicted by the theory of relativity general of Einstein . In 1919 could test the accuracy of prediction. During a solar eclipse the astronomer Arthur Eddington watched curved path of light from distant stars passing near the Sun , producing an apparent shift their positions. " This for Einstein and the scientific community was evidence of the curvature of spacetime. For other more moderate, this is just an indication and may be another explanation could be different from that space-time curves in the presence of the masses.

The figure shows the effect of a large mass on the light. It is inferred that what is the space-time curve and the light path corresponds to the geodesic.

This topic "Physics and Chemistry, facts or fiction" I will present in various notes. The note number two (2) from Earth will see how we can determine approximately the distance from Earth to a star, composition, age and mass of the same. All based on telescopic observationsas to take into account the electro magnetic spectrum, both in the visible range, as in the thresholds at which the light is not perceptible to the human eye and how computer models are responsible for completing the task.

(1) human scale. We refer to the human scale of time and space, as they are perceived by humans.

(2) solar system. Wikipedia. http://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistema_Solar

Juan Fernando Sanin

Mild Autism More Condition_symptoms Astrobiology 3

Medellín, June 2009

Astrobiology.

Note 3.

Juan Fernando Sanin E

Although the definition of living organism been complemented, trying to universalise, reality is that our concept of it is the referent earthling. CH TMLXC

Life in the solar system

Practically, the scientific community's expectations of finding life in the solar system, are reduced to finding microbial life . Not considered viable extraerrestre the existence of life a bit more complex. In other words, it is not considered likely to be from Earth and within the solar system we can find insects, mollusks, fish, lizards and mammals.

Mercury Metro

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Given the standard of the living on Earth, the conditions of the planet Mercury does not seem to be appropriate to support any kind of life. The planet's temperatures vary between 90 º and 500 º, which makes it very difficult for them, allowing the development of life, including the microbial. The planet has a very thin atmosphere and the pressure seems to be only one hundred thousandth of atmospheric pressure on Earth's surface. The water vapor, could come from impacts of comets. It is not believed possible to have liquid water. CHTMLX C

planet Venus.

Venus has an atmosphere, which is composed mainly of carbon dioxide

and a small amount of nitrogen . The pressure the surface level is 90 times larger than the atmospheric pressure on Earth's surface (a pressure equivalent to a depth of one kilometer under sea levelon Earth).

The large amount of CO 2

atmosphere causes the greenhouse effect, which raises the temperature of the planet's surface to about 460 ° C in the lower elevations near Ecuador . The huge greenhouse effect due to the CO 2 in the atmosphere, trapping heat, causing the high temperatures on this planet. No evidence of water vapor and less liquid water. Therefore, within the reference Earthman, the possibility of life on this planet is infinitesimal.

A No problemsor habitability mentioned in Mercury and Venus, we should note the power of solar storms, which would very unstable and vulnerable all life.

La Luna.

The Moon is the cosmic body nearest Earth. The average distance between the center of the Earth and the Moon is 384,400 km. Its diameter (3,476 km) is less than a third of the Earth, its surface is one fourteenth part (37.7 million km 2

), and its volume about one fiftieth (21.860.000.000km3 ).

The Moon has a very thin atmosphere, due to low gravity. It is unable to retain gas molecules on its surface. The entire composition is still unknown. The Apollo program identified helium and argon atoms, observations from Earth in 1988, added sodium and potassium ionesde. Most of the gases on its surface from inside.

Recent research trying to detect the presence of water vapor mixed with lunar dust from comets, which have crashed into the moon in the part where it is never illuminated by the Sun

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In September 2005, NASA announced plans for a new manned trip to the moon, scheduled for the 20th year

18. However, given the latter's costs, requires that the superpowers agree to make contributions, which depends on these countries to overcome economic crisis, which is from the first world.

As shown in the table, could have a temperature range, which may be d & eacute, life. Lack atmosphere, liquid water and no one knows for sure if the coal is abundant.

107 ° C -153 ° C maximum surface temperature minimum surface temperature

average surface temperature (day)
average surface temperature (night)	C HTMLXC
123 ° C
-233 ° C

Given the foregoing, it is not excluded the possibility of finding micro-organisms on the surfaceof the moon, but to date no solid evidence it

Life on Mars

For many decades there has been speculation the

possible life on Mars, both past and present. Despite recent findings, the spectrum of opinions varies considerably, with groups that argue that life on Mars is impossible and another group that says that life on Mars is a proven fact. However, the scientific community dismisses this possibility, at least with current indications.

Today does not seem seriously to believe in Martian civilizations. However, there are still people of science who think that if there is life on Mars, would be in the form of primitive mosses and lichens. Astronomical observations at frequencies outside the visible spectrum and the first visit made by a spacecraft to this planet by Ma

4 Riner in 1965 have not produced evidence of any presence of life there. What if scientists can create, is to make the future a manned base in some places on the planet. We have to use special costumes and carrying all suppliesIncluding water and air. Current theories predict the conditions under which you can find

vi da , require the availability of liquid water. It is therefore important search. Still not found liquid water on the planet. Could only find solid water (ice) and it is speculated that there may be underground environmental conditions so that water remains liquid. Liquid water can not exist on the surface of Mars under current conditions of at mosphere .

Life on other planets

The solar system planets is eight. Not nine as we were taught in school, because since the beginning of the century, the International Astronomical Union removed Pluto from the traditional category of planet and classified as a dwarf planet.

The first four planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars are rocky planets. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are giant gas planetss also frozen.

With regard to terrestrial life does not seem possible that there is life on these planets because there is no physical medium for microorganisms. These planets are too violent and its temperatures are very low and also no evidence of liquid water in them. However, there are scientists who dare to speculate that it is possible to find life on these planets, but would be very different to what we know.

a valid option for research is to explore the rocky moons of gas giants. Europe

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Europe is one of the largest satellites of the planet Jíupiter. Life on Earth depends on the presence of carbon. The electronic structure of this allows the construction of molecules into chains, which appear in cells. Carbon is a substance abundant in all parts of the universe, so it is possible to have carbon-based life in many parts of our cosmos. A second factor is the temperature of life, community is thriving between 0-100 degrees centigrade, although recently a team of scientists studied one of the most hostile environmental mediaEarth, the frozen lakes of the South Pole, and found thriving colonies of organisms where temperatures rarely rise above freezing

. So what temperature is questionable.

Photographs of the probe have revealed a possible hidden ocean of water, about 100 kilometers beneath the ice cap satellite Europa, . It is estimated that Europa's ocean is three times more water than existing on Earth. For the presence of life require water, heat and energy. Yes it iscert, the existence of an ocean of water, we find the possibility of other life factors. The existence of active volcanoes on the ocean floor in the satellite would be a source of heat for the development of life. In the IO

SATELLITE have found volcanic activity. This volcanism is caused by Jupiter's gravity on its satellites, which produce distortions in the structure and heating inside them. The same forces that cause warming in the satellite Io, acting on Europe (Io and Europa are rocky satellites of Jupiter's large size & ntilde, or comparable to that of rocky planets), so it is quite possible volcanic activity and therefore be the source of heat required for the development of life on the satellite. The hypothesis of life in Europe is not new. During the month of March 1979, Richard C. Hoagland published in the magazine Star & Sky "their ideas on the possibility of life on the satellite, after the Voyager 2 mission. Newspapers and The Plan Dealer review the published article. Hoagland suggested that in Europe there was a vast ocean under the iceor covering the satellite. His ideas met with resistance in the scientific community, except for Arthur C. Clark, inventor of satellite communications and popular science writer also ficcióny by Dr. Robert Jastrow, Director of the Goddard Institute. Clark said Hoagland's ideas were used in the development of his novel "2001: A Space Odyssey. It is curious that after two decades, the findings of the Galileo spacecraft, give validity to the hypothesis Hoagland. Will it give the reason about the possibility of life?

Ganymede also

, another rocky moons of Jupiter, has been the subject of speculation RESEARCH AND. Similarly, it is considered valid to explore the giant moons of Saturn and Uranus, but really the preliminary research has been conducted has not yielded any evidence of life.

Life outside the solar system

The solar system is a speck in the galaxy "via CTEA. In this there are a thousandLONES of stars and it seems logical to consider that many of them also have planets. The Milky Way has a diameter of 100,000 light years. Go a diameter of the Milky Way, a human speed: 11km / s, it would take 2700 million years (2.7 billion years)

In June 2009 there are 347 exoplanets recognized by the international astronomical community. It is only logical that this number is only the tip of the iceberg and that it met the futurerarán thousands, perhaps millions of exoplanets.

It would be arrogant on our part, we think that the only point in an infinite universe, with billions of stars, which has been favored by evolution to support life. And not only microbial life ... there must be intelligent life out. They may not have a anthropoid, or maybe yes, but humility compels us to think that intelligent life out there.

If the atomic theory is true, then the periodic table it is also true and therefore the chemical elements that comprise it, son, not only the elements of Earth, but the elements of the universe. Out there we can find compounds unknown on Earth, but no new elements. The universe is made of the same elements that make up the Earth. Outside there is liquid water, carbon, oxygen and somewhere also laid for life.

The extermination of the solar system, drag the destruction of life in it. The survival of our civilization does not guarantee finding havens in the cosmos, where we can accommodate. The problem of distance and the few optionsget some speed, give us both Galilean science, such as relativistic, put us in serious difficulties.

is possible that our knowledge of cosmology (physics, chemistry, biology) is wrong. That the laws of physics and chemistry we know, only serve to solve specific problems and reverse that grow our civilization, but are distant cosmic reality. This is hope. The other is a Divine intervention. Psalm 37.29 "The righteous themselves will possess the earth and reside forever upon it & amp; rdquo; Juan Fernando Sanin